Healing the brain after alcoholism is an endeavor that requires time, patience, and commitment. Anyone who has suffered from alcohol use disorder (AUD) can benefit from understanding the effects that alcohol has on the brain both in the short and long term, as well as the most efficient ways to get the necessary treatment and support.
GateHouse Treatment is ready to help you begin your recovery journey from alcoholism. As an addiction treatment center striving to provide a healthy and sustainable recovery, we understand the toll alcohol can take on an individual. Since any treatment for AUD starts with allowing the brain to heal, we’ve compiled some important tips to remember as you delve into this often difficult process.
Effects of Alcoholism on the Brain
Alcohol is a sedative and depressant with various short- and long-term effects on the body and mind. Alcohol use affects the neurons that communicate with the brain’s central nervous system, or CNS, and can cause brain damage and the shrinking of brain matter, also known as “grey” matter. Gabriele Ende, professor of medical physics at the Central Institute of Mental Health, states, “Shrinkage of brain matter, and an accompanying increase of cerebrospinal fluid, which acts as a cushion or buffer for the brain, are well-known degradations caused by alcohol abuse.”
Long-term alcohol abuse can lead to permanent brain damage and impair cognitive function. Chronic alcohol use can cause the brain to adapt to alcohol, leading to brain chemistry and structure changes. These changes can decrease the brain’s size, particularly in the areas responsible for memory, learning, and emotional regulation. The brain also becomes less efficient in processing information and communicating between different regions.
In addition to the physical effects, alcohol abuse can lead to mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. These mental health issues can further exacerbate the negative effects of alcohol on the brain, creating a vicious cycle that can be difficult to break. The risk of developing these mental health issues is higher in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse or dependence.
It is important to note that the effects of alcohol on the brain can vary depending on the amount and duration of alcohol use, as well as individual factors such as genetics, age, and overall health. While some of the brain damage caused by alcohol can reverse with abstinence, long-term heavy use can lead to irreversible damage. Therefore, it is crucial to seek professional help for alcohol abuse and dependence to minimize the negative impact on the brain and overall well-being.
Some of the more common short- and long-term effects of alcoholism on the brain include:
Short-Term Effects
- Slurred speech
- Lack of coordination
- Slowed reaction time
- Impulsive decision-making
- Insomnia
- Engaging in challenging behaviors
- Memory impairments and blackouts
- Alcohol poisoning
Long-Term Effects
- Short-term memory loss
- Brain shrinkage and damage
- Impaired cognitive functioning
- Wernicke-Korsakoff (Wet Brain) Syndrome
- Overdose
- Coma
- Death
Effects of Alcoholism on Dopamine Levels
Alcohol also affects the brain by forcing it to increase its dopamine release. When the levels of this naturally-produced endorphin increase, it affects our mood and makes us feel happy and relaxed. While this may not seem bad at first, the problem arises in the form of cravings and withdrawal.
An increase in dopamine levels reinforces the consumption of alcohol, and when these effects wear off, dopamine levels drop far lower than they typically should. As a result, an individual may develop intense cravings when not under the influence, with feelings of sadness, depression, and other withdrawal symptoms. The longer someone abuses alcohol, the more they must consume to maintain dopamine levels high enough to function.
Can the Brain Heal After Alcoholism?
While long-term misuse of alcohol can cause permanent and irreversible brain damage, the brain can still heal to satisfactory levels when treated sooner rather than later. This healing is much in part a result of neuroplasticity, or the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli.
Neuroplasticity is a key component of the brain’s ability to heal and recover after alcoholism. In this process, the brain can reorganize itself and create new neural pathways that allow for improved cognitive functioning and behavior. Regarding alcoholism recovery, neuroplasticity is crucial in helping the brain repair damaged neurons and create new connections to compensate for the effects of alcohol on the brain. With time, patience, and the right treatment, the brain can recover and restore much of its previous function.
Five Tips For Healing the Brain After Alcoholism
 1. Exercise and Physical Activity – Exercise promotes physical health and has numerous benefits for mental health, including improving brain function and promoting the growth of new brain cells. Regular exercise can also help reduce common relapse triggers such as stress and anxiety, making it a crucial part of the recovery routine to support brain healing.
2. Get Enough Sleep – Sleep is essential for overall health and well-being and is especially crucial for repairing damaged brain cells. Chronic alcohol abuse can disrupt sleep patterns, making it challenging to get enough restful sleep. Aim for at least seven to eight hours of sleep each night to support your recovery and improve brain function. Discuss strategies to improve sleep quality with your healthcare provider if you have trouble sleeping.
3. Eat a Balanced Diet – A healthy and balanced diet is essential for overall health and well-being but especially important for healing the brain after alcoholism. The brain requires specific nutrients to function correctly and repair damage caused by alcohol abuse. Plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can provide the necessary nutrients to support brain healing. Avoid processed foods, sugary drinks, and fats, which can interfere with healing.
4. Practice Mindfulness and Stress-Reduction Techniques – Chronic stress can interfere with brain healing and increase the risk of relapse. Mindfulness and stress-reduction techniques, such as meditation and yoga, can help promote relaxation. Incorporating these techniques into your daily routine can help support brain healing and improve overall well-being. Consider joining a support group or finding a mindfulness-based program to learn these techniques.
5. Seek Professional Treatment – Professional treatment is critical to recovery from alcoholism and brain healing. A professional treatment program can help you detox safely, manage withdrawal symptoms, and address any underlying medical or mental health conditions that may be contributing to your addiction. Therapy and medication can also be useful tools to support brain healing and long-term recovery. Seeking professional treatment can provide you with the support and resources you need to maintain sobriety and a healthy lifestyle.
GateHouse Treatment Can Kick-Start Your Recovery Journey
At GateHouse Treatment, healing your brain after alcoholism is possible with proper intervention. We offer various treatments for alcohol use disorders, including partial hospitalization programs (PHP), intensive outpatient programs (IOP), standard outpatient programs (OP), and medication-assisted treatment.
Our treatment programs meet the specific needs of our clients. By offering a tailored and comprehensive regimen, you can take a stand against substance use and enjoy a healthy and sustainable recovery. Contact us today for more information regarding our services or a free consultation.
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